Nigeria Leverages Genome Editing for Food Sufficiency
Abuja, March 5, 2025 – In a significant step toward achieving food security, Nigeria has embraced genome editing as a tool to enhance agricultural productivity and combat food shortages. The initiative, spearheaded by the African Union Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD) in collaboration with Nigerian agricultural scientists, aims to develop high-yield, disease-resistant crops capable of withstanding climate change.
With Nigeria’s population projected to exceed 230 million by 2030, food demand is surging. To address this, the government and research institutions are turning to advanced biotechnological solutions, including CRISPR-based genome editing, to create crops that grow faster, require fewer resources, and offer higher nutritional value.
Genome editing involves precise modifications to the DNA of crops, allowing scientists to improve plant traits such as drought resistance, pest tolerance, and enhanced nutritional content. Unlike traditional genetic modification (GMOs), genome editing does not introduce foreign genes but rather enhances the crop’s natural characteristics.
Dr. Oluwaseun Adeyemi, a senior scientist at the National Biotechnology Development Agency (NABDA), explained the significance of this technology:
“With genome editing, we can develop maize, rice, and cassava varieties that yield more per hectare, require less fertilizer, and resist common plant diseases, reducing the dependency on chemical pesticides.”
The Nigerian government has identified key staple crops—maize, cassava, rice, and cowpea—as the primary targets for genome editing research. These crops form the backbone of the country’s food supply and are vital for millions of farmers.
By 2026, experts predict that genome-edited seeds will be available to farmers across the country, with the potential to increase yields by up to 40% while significantly reducing post-harvest losses caused by pests and spoilage.
Additionally, genome-edited crops could help smallholder farmers adapt to erratic weather patterns caused by climate change. With droughts and floods threatening food production, new crop varieties with enhanced resilience will play a critical role in ensuring stable food supplies.
While genome editing holds immense promise, Nigerian policymakers are working to establish clear regulatory guidelines to ensure safety and ethical considerations. The National Biosafety Management Agency (NBMA) has begun consultations with farmers, scientists, and consumer groups to educate the public on the benefits and safety of genome-edited foods.
Some concerns remain over public acceptance, as past resistance to genetically modified crops has fueled skepticism. However, advocacy groups and agricultural experts are optimistic that proper education and transparent policies will ease concerns and encourage adoption.
As Nigeria pushes forward with genome editing, the country is positioning itself at the forefront of agricultural innovation in Africa. If successful, this initiative could serve as a model for other nations seeking sustainable solutions to food insecurity.
